The Detrimental Effects of Deforestation Essay -- Environment Environm

The Detrimental Effects of DeforestationDeforestation has been around for many years. in the first place America was discovered, fuelwood was the main source of energy, so many trees were being cut down all over Europe to provide energy for the inhabitants. Even unbosom today, 2000 million people in low income countries still rely on wood for cooking and heating (Causes, 1). The pose at which we are loosing our worlds forests is steadily increasing. During the 1980s, worldwide deforestation rates were at 15 million hectares per year for tropical forests alone (WRM, 1). This compares with 11.3 million hectares that were lost annually during the 70s- a 50 percent increase (The Problems, 1). And as one might expect, this trend is being continued into the 90s, as in most parts of the world, the rate of deforestation accelerated during this decade (WRM, 1).There are billions of people living on this earth and we all use paper and wood. So why do we drive to concern ourselves with defo restation? I would like to point out several reasons why I feel that deforestation is a problem that we need to work towards correcting. First of all, the effects of deforestation are felt in the atmosphere. Trees soak up carbon dioxide from the atmosphere so that we can breath clean, sizable air. If trees help us breathe, then why are we cutting so many of them down? Besides, forests help stabilize the climate. Cutting down forests releases carbon dioxide, methane, and azotic oxide, causing 25% of the net warming effect on this planet (Durning, 21). forests provide us with lulu as well. Deforestation takes away some of the beauty of our great country and world. There is nothing I enjoy more than driving through a forest and feeling pride to liv... ...Guide To Working with the Public. timberland Press set Grove, Oregon 1977.Paper Recycling. http//www.org.gov.tw/english.now/hpr.htm.The Challenge of Sustainable Forest Management. Food and Agriculture Organizationof the United Nati ons Rome 1993.The Committee for National Arbor Day. http//www.nationalarborday.org/426a.htm.The Problems of Forest Loss. http//www.wri.org/biodiv/intl-ll.html. World Resources Institute, 1998.Thomson, M. and Warburton, M. Uncertainty on a Himalayan Scale. Deforestation Social Dynamics in Watersheds and Mountain Ecosystems. Routledge London 19881-13.WRM. World Rainforest Movement. http//www.wrm.org.uv.english/u.causes/.Wadsworth, Frank H. Forest Production for Tropical America. U.S. Department of Agriculture Handbook. December, 1997.Why Recycle? http//www.wvwc.net/recycle/why.html. Wesleyan Recycling Program.

Breaking Up Essay -- Personal Narrative, essay about myself

It should have been raining. It almost always rains in the movies when girls get their hearts broken. When that young cosmos with a bittersweet smile and Im sorry eyes shows up on the doorstep telling his sweetheart that he is going take to war or beginning a battle with a fatal disease. Instead here I am the blundering heroine of my own crazy film, with a hand that seems to have a few gaping holes where all the witty lines are supposed to be. In the hot, sticky passenger seat of a black 02 inflated Am, subconsciously capping and uncapping an Ice Mountain water bottle, listening to my boyfriend jumble up a bunch of words that eventually translate into its over. Cest fini. He stops talking and takes a deep, shuddering breath and I realize that its my cue to talk. Hes waiting for me to say something on the lines of Sure Matt, I totally agree with you. I think its a great idea to end this relationship that I have dictate my whole being into for two years. Im so relieved that you b rought it up first, seeya around and good luck with all your future chicks. I visualize out the...

The Top of the World is Not for Everyone :: Essays Papers

The Top of the World is Not for Everyone Once the exclusive domain of the elite mountaineers, the roof of the dry land now lures scores of amateurs. These climbers seek a challenge that begins as high drama but can end abruptly as tragedy (Breashears, 1997). At 29,035 feet, Mount Everest is the top of the world and the ultimate challenge for Climbers. But recently with advances in technology and equipment, more people are attempting to conquer Everest, although many of them do not belong in such an unpredictable, dangerous place with such little experience. With more and more people venturing to the top of Everest, substantial pollution has been a result, which is an expensive and difficult problem to correct at such high altitudes. Everest, which was once considered a sacred home of the gods, is now a commercialized, life threatening challenge with accumulating contamination. Mount Everest is situated at the edge of the Tibetan Plateau, on the border of Nepal and the Tibet Autonomous Region of China. Traditionally, those living near Everest honored the mountain and theory of the Himalayas as scared homes of the gods. No local people climbed them until the early 1900s. But as foreign expeditions brought tourist dollars and Western ideas, the local people began to serve as porters for foreign climbers (Encarta, 2000). Many expeditions were sent out to reach the summit of Everest, but most ended unsuccessfully with tragic deaths. In 1921 George Leigh Mallory led a British Expedition to the summit of Everest climbing the north side. On May 29, 1953, Edmund Hillary of New Zealand, and Tenzing Norway, a Sherpa of Nepal under the tenth Expedition Flag of the British and the leadership of tush Hunt were the

Eva Luna and A Dolls House: The Nature Of Power Essay -- A Dolls Hous

Discuss the nature of federal agency explored in the texts, Eva Luna, and A annuluss HouseIn the two texts Eva Luna, and A Dolls House, by Isabel Allende and Henrik Ibsen respectively, there ar various people who have power over others. However this power comes in a number of forms, unalike characters use it for different purposes, and the ways the characters achieve it also differs. These different natures of power allow nigh people to succeed where others fail, and it is those who succeed that, in the end, have the true power.In the novel Eva Luna, there are various people who are in positions of power. The mavin who is the most obvious to the reader is the General a dictator. He has the power to checker and manipulate others to do as he wants, in order to clear himself. His power comes about through the use of force, violence, propaganda, and persuasive tactics. He can control people, but it is only because they aid him. There is no feeling by the people he has power ov er, that he deserves it, they have no respect for him, and so without his armies, his power is meaningless.Rolf Carles father in Eva Luna parallels this nature of power. Lucas Carle has total control over his wife and children, to the point where he treats his wife more like a prostitute, and his children hide from him when he comes home because they fear a beating from him. It is this fear of being punished if one does not obey that gives Lucas Carle his power, and as in the case of the General, if the only reason to give in to someones power is fear of the consequences if one doesnt, then this power gains no respect from those it affects.The kind of power that the General possesses is totally different to that of Eva herself. Both of them are able to tilt people, however, where the General changes people through the force he puts onto them, Eva changes people from the inside. She is able to change people by bringing out what is already inside of them, and of herself. She does thi s by focusing on the positive parts of any situation, and in this way inspiring hope. Her power is based on having the courage to rise up against her oppressors, and the aptitude to lead others by evoking feeling and passion within them, instead of a power based on the fear of the consequences of not conforming. She doesnt need an troops behind her to enforce her ideas people are drawn to her. One ... ...verse circumstances, but through their self-determination, they are able to triumph over these circumstances, and gain the power they lacked at the beginning of their journeys.I believe that the authors of these texts are putting forward the message that true power is something that is innate in people, not something that can be achieved in the ways that the General, and Lucas Carle did. Where the power lies in a certain situation is not always where it first seems most obvious. In these two texts there are different people who posses different forms of power in society. There ar e those who force ideas upon others, and who only wish to benefit themselves, and seek absolute power, but there are also those who have power because they are able to communicate to the core of other people, and they are able to give people the courage to stand up for what they believe. These are the people who have the true power, and who, in these two texts, eventually, in one way or another succeed.Bibliography1) Isabel Allende, Eva Luna, Alfred A. Knopf (trans), (New York Alfred A. Knopf, Inc., 1988)2) Henrik Ibsen, A Dolls House, Michael Meyer (trans), (London Methuen Drama, 1985)

Archimedes Essay -- biographies biography bio

Archimedes, a name commonly associated with the beginning of science, was an engineer and mavin of the greatest mathematicians in history. His impact on modern science rests on his use of experiment and invention to test ideas and his use mathematics to describe the prefatory principles of physical phenomena.Knowledge of the lives of ancient philosophers like Archimedes is not prevalent. We know from his writings that he grew up and spent much of his life in Syracuse, a Sicilian port on the Ionian Sea. His life spanned (approximately) the years 287 B.C. to 212 B.C. His father was the astronomer Phidias and he also mentioned his friend and possibly kinsman, King Hieron II (ruler of Sicily from ab step forward 270 B.C.). consort to other authors, Archimedes traveled to Egypt and there invented the device known as Archimedes screw, a pump that is still used widely around the world.There are some(prenominal) references to Archimedes in writings of his time period. His fame then was n ot due to an interest in his mathematical ideasit was in his inventions. Plutarch wrote about Archimedes engines of war being used against the Romans in the siege of 212 B.C. Apparently Archimedes was persuaded by King Hieron to devote some of his mental ability toward that purpose.It is interesting that despite the fame he achieved because of his mechanical inventions, he believed that pure mathematics was the more worthwhile pursuit. Plutarch describes his attitudeArchimedes possessed so high a spirit, so profound a soul, and such treasures of scientific knowledge, that though these inventions had now obtained him the fame of more than human sagacity, he yet would not deign to leave behind him any commentary or writing on such subjects but, repudiating ... ...percomputer.Archimedes died tragically during an invasion of Syracuse at the hands of a soldier who was ordered by his superior to spare him. At the time, Archimedes was intent on working out some problem with a diagram. According to historians, Archimedes played an important role in defending the city. He designed ballistics machines that hurled rocks at ships and cranes that dropped large stones on them. I read several stories of a great lever lifting them out of the water. This illust dimensionn is a painting based on the tale of Archimedes claw.The exact set of his death differ in report. Archimedes requested that his tombstone display a cylinder containing the largest possible sphere and inscribed with the ratio of the cylinders volume to that of the sphere. Archimedes considered the discovery of this ratio his greatest of accomplishment.

American Superiority Essay -- essays research papers

In his series of essays and "letters" on American life,Michel-Guillaume-Jean de Crevecoeur gives his readersnumerous examples of the superiority of America to all(prenominal)other countries of that time. He believes that one reason forsuperiority is that America is with out the aristocracy soprevalent in Europe at the time, which led to a hardworking and socially equal society. Another reasonCrevecoeur sees America as a superior society is theaccepting, and assimilating into one new race, the myopicpeoples from all European countries. This led to anextraordinarily diverse population, much more diverse thanany one of the European countries eight-tenth century. Itwas for these reasons, as well as umteen others thatCrevecoeur saw America as the greatest nation of the1700s.Crevecoeur admires the equality and the freedom of theAmerican people. He sees life without the harsh rule ofkings and bishops as much more easy going and pleasing tothe general public. The lack of an esta blished aristocracyallows for the rich and the inadequate to intermingle andexchange ideas in a way never thought before in Europe.The classes were also brought to a single level by the factthat all people in the colonies had to work to survive. Therich and poor alike had to, at first, work their own land tosupply food and income to support themselves and theirfamilies. This requirement for work led to the Americanpeople being genuinely industries and self sufficient, even underadverse conditions....

American Superiority Essay -- essays research papers

In his series of essays and "letters" on American life,Michel-Guillaume-Jean de Crevecoeur gives his readers many examples of the superiority of America to allother countries of that time. He believes that one reason forsuperiority is that America is with out the aristocracy soprevalent in atomic number 63 at the time, which led to a hardworking and socially equal society. Another reasonCrevecoeur sees America as a superior society is theaccepting, and assimilative into one new race, the poorpeoples from all European countries. This led to anextraordinarily diverse population, much more diverse thanany one of the European countries eight-tenth century. Itwas for these reasons, as well as many others thatCrevecoeur saw America as the greatest nation of the1700s.Crevecoeur admires the equality and the freedom of theAmerican people. He sees life without the harsh bump ofkings and bishops as much more easy going and pleasing tothe general public. The lack of an established aris tocracyallows for the rich and the poor to intermingle andexchange ideas in a way never thought before in Europe.The classes were also brought to a single level by the factthat all people in the colonies had to work to survive. Therich and poor alike had to, at first, work their own land tosupply food and income to support themselves and theirfamilies. This requirement for work led to the Americanpeople being very industries and self sufficient, even underadverse conditions....

A “Janner” in the “smoke” Essay

As I step out of the carriage at Paddington station I feel a sensation that I feel every time I come back to this stunning and enchanting urban center that I love so much. The red teleph unity boxes, black taxis and the marvellous architecture.This visit Im staying in one of the many travel inns in capital of the United Kingdom, this one is situated the other side of the tower bridge which is a bit different to the kind of zestyel that I normally stay in when Im visiting London but this is no normal visit. This visit I am going to be a tourist and experience London from a different viewpoint. Now I have to find a taxi and drop off my bags. The taxi driver finds the hotel effortlessly and I am soon at reception checking in. My inhabit is large and airy, decorated in standard travel inn style. I drop my bags and go down to the lay off to find my friends, as tonight we are visiting the very popular Maxwells restaurant in Covent Garden.Well all I tooshie say for the meal is superb B urgers and chips may not sound very nice but theyve ruined its greasy reputation. Now back in my hotel room Im making my self a coffee from the mini bar and am running myself a pleasantly hot bath which I will lay in for a couple of hours.Today is Saturday and I will be visiting the famous Oxford Street with its many shops. The first one on my Itinerary will be Hamlys toyshop, which I think is incredible and great for children of all ages Also on this magnificent street is the Warner bros. bewray and Selfridges.Later on in the day I will stroll through St. James Park, which links on to Buckingham palace, any trip to London, shouldnt be without this relaxing experience.Tremendous. Fantastic. In St. James Park the squirrels have become so aimd to humans that one came and ate out of my hand I was astonished. tonight Im planning on staying in, ordering a pizza and watching the television, in order to re charge my batteries ready for another arduous day.Its 700am and Ive just been wok en up by some couple next door having a row and I cant bring on back to sleep so Im going to set out earlier than expected go on a tour slew round main London.Im on the tour bus now and its great. on that point are more people than Id pattern on the tour but most of them are foreigners. So far weve passed St. Pauls Cathedral, Piccadilly Circus, Trafalgar square and many more magical and momentous tourist attractions. Next I will be visiting Covent Garden to do a spot of light shopping and watch the performers.Having a hot choco slowly and a bun at a small coffee shop in Covent Garden and watching a street performer on a BMX doing flatland tricks that I didnt think were possible. The one thing that I have noticed that all these performers have in common is that all use juggling in there shows whether they do it on bikes, with chain saws or other hazardous objects.In these 2 days I have already spent 120 on presents for other people Toys, Clothes or food if Ive escortn it Ive bro ught it.Tonight Im having dinner in the oddly shaped building across the road from my hotel, which every time I walk pass I smell the most stunning smells ever. Spices and herbs, dessert smells of the elegant deserts and everyone who comes out, comes out smiling.Today is the day that I have been most looking forward to. Today Im going to Madame Tussauds. The offensive looking figures look like they are alive. But first I have to wait in the long queue of anxious and restless people. There is a sign in front which says, 2 HOURS FROM HERE, which sounds ridiculous.Madame Tussauds. What can say it was worth the wait, which only came to an hour in the end. It smelt strange and the rooms were hot and sticky inside. Some Japanese tourist asked me to take their picture as they stood next to the Queen and prince Philip. But I fancy having mine interpreted with Madonna. You could spend all day here but unfortunately I dont have that much time left. Ive been lucky plenteous to secure some tickets to watch Chelsea F.C play at home so it is off to the station to catch the train to Stamford Bridge before catching the late train home to Plymouth.What will I remember most about this different trip to London? As a tourist I see how fast the city moves, how dusty, how sticky and how lonely city can be when you are on your own

Individual Behavior (Organizations) Essay

individualist behavior is considered as one of the main determinants of the productivity of a given giving medication. The said relationship is believed to be very important that an entire academic discipline was created to focus on its study. Organizational behavior is a issue of study that concentrates on describing, understanding, predicting and controlling human behavior in an nerveal setting. It is divided into four sub-fields mortal behavior, group behavior, brass instrumental structure and organizational processes.These leave behind organizational behavior to study a wide range of topics, such as constitution, job satisf execution, leadership, group dynamics and the impact of stress on acidulate (Answers, 2008). Basic Elements of Individual behaviour in Organizations It is true that human behavior varies from one person to an some other due to their individual differences. However, organizational behavior scientists argued that individual behavior is made up of the like elements. These elements must be identified in order to establish predictability in the study of human behavior.The consistency of these elements resolution in the development of reasonably accurate predictions of individual behavior (NEU-CBA, n. d. ). Understanding Individuals in Organization Organizational behavior scientists use the psychological contract in their study in order to understand the members of a particular organization. Psychological contract refers to a members expectations based on his or her contributions and the organizations inducements. Contributions are what the member provides to the organization.Inducements, on the other hand, are what the organization will provide the member in exchange for the latters contributions (Abelson, 2006). temper and Individual Behavior In sharp contrast to psychological contract, the element of personality and individual behavior assert that individual behavior within an organization is determined by the relatively perma nent set of psychological and behavioral attributes that distinguish one person from another (Abelson, 2006). nonpareil of the most popular personality frame dresss is the Big Five Personality Traits. It is composed of the followinga) Agreeableness A persons ability to establish good relationships with others b) Conscientiousness The number of goals of which a person strives hard to achieve c) Negative emotionality The extent to which an individual can remain poised, calm, resilient and secure d) Extraversion The level of comfort a person has with interpersonal relationships e) Openness An individuals flexibility in terms of beliefs and interests (Abelson, 2006) Attitudes and Individual Behavior Attitudes are the beliefs and feelings that people have regarding certain ideas, situations or other people.Cognitive dissonance occurs when an individuals encounters other people who does not share his or her attitudes. The element of attitudes and individual behavior believe that mem bers of an organization behave the port they do because it is their means of dealing with people who possess attitudes that are different from theirs. For an organization to be productive, its member must learn how to respect each others differences and work as a team despite their diversity in beliefs, attitudes and values (Abelson, 2006). Work-related AttitudesIt must be noted, however, that individual behavior in an organization can also be influenced by attitudes that were developed in the workplace. Some examples of work-related attitudes are the following a) Job Satisfaction or Dissatisfaction An attitude that reflects the amount of fun or fulfillment that an individual achieves from his or her work b) Organizational Commitment An attitude that measures a persons degree of affinity with the organization itself c) fix and Mood in Organizations i. Positive Affectivity A tendency to exhibit an overall sense of optimism and well-being sees things in a positive lightii. Negat ive affectivity A tendency to exhibit an overall sense of pessimism and gloom sees things negatively (Abelson, 2006). Perception and Individual Behavior This element defines a persons behavior as a result of his or her perception, or the set of processes by which he or she be adds aware of his or her environment and starts to interpret information about it. One of the most detrimental forms of perception is selective perception, or the practice of disregarding information that a person feels uncomfortable with or goes against his or her own beliefs.selective perception may lead to stereotyping or the usage of a single attribute to categorize or label other people. Selective perception may also result in scapegoating or making other people take responsibility for ones own faults and shortcomings (Abelson, 2006). Stress and Individual Behavior Stress is an individuals response to a strong stimulus, called a stressor (Ableson, 2006). The general cycle of the human body experiencing a nd recovering from stress is the General allowance Syndrome (GAS).Often caused by task, physical, role and interpersonal demands, one of the major effects of stress is burnout, or the feeling of exhaustion produced by undergoing stress for prolonged periods of eon (Abelson, 2006). Experts categorized people into two types, depending on how much they can endure stress. face A people were those who are very competitive, hardworking and are extremely particular when it comes to time. Type B people, on the other hand, were those who were not as hardworking, dilligent and time-conscious.It was said that Type A people were more likely to experience burnout than Type B individuals (Abelson, 2006). Creativity in Organizations This element stresses the importance of an organizations creativity in affecting the behavior of its members. An organization that is always able to come up with new ideas or new perspectives that will improve existing ideas have a greater chance of improving produ ctivity among its members than an organization who rigorously adheres to convention and does not welcome innovation. Types of Workplace BehaviorThe effectiveness of an organization is very much affected by workplace behavior, or the pattern of action exhibited by its members while working. Workplace behavior is categorized into four types a) Performance Behaviors The total set of work-related behaviors that the organization expects the individual to display (Abelson, 2006). An organizations transaction behaviors is usually indicated in its manual for its members. Performance behaviors are one of the organizations ways of communicating to its members what are its objectives and how will these be attained.b) Withdrawal Behaviors Characterized by the absence of an organizations members i. Absenteeism When people develop a habitual pattern of not showing up for work ii. Turnover When people disengage from their jobs c) Organizational Citizenship When people display behavior that contributes positively and immensely to their organization. d) Dysfunctional Behaviors Behaviors that are detrimental to organizational performance (e. g. stealing office property, fighting in the office premises, reporting to work in improper attire, etc.) When a person shows dysfunctional behavior, he or she is sending the message that he or she does not belong to the organization that he or she joined and that he or she has disdain for those who do. In addition, the person who exhibits dysfunctional behavior also has contempt for the organization itself, as well as for its objectives (Abelson, 2006). Conclusion An organization is composed of individual members who have different backgrounds, beliefs, values and principles.Hence, it is very crucial to train them how to work harmoniously with one another despite their differences. By identifying the elements of individual behavior in an organization, employers can establish standards and rules that are firm but at the same time c onsiderate towards the workers needs. Not only will the company prosper the employees will also become better workers and persons as well. References Abelson, M. (2006). Chapter 15 Basic Elements of Individual Behavior in Organizations. PDF File.Retrieved June 2, 2008, from http//wehner. tamu. edu/mgmt. www/mgmt. 363/non-business_363/Chapter%2015%20%20-%20Griffin%208th%20Edition. pdf. Answers. com. (2008). Organizational Behavior. Retrieved June 2, 2008, from http//www. answers. com/topic/organizational-behavior? cat=biz-fin Northeastern University College of Business Administration (NEU-CBA). (n. d. ). Human Behavior in Organizations An Introduction. Retrieved June 2, 2008, from http//web. cba. neu. edu/ewertheim/introd/introd. htm

Juvenile delinquent Essay

In todays society more than and more young delinquents are being charged as enceintes in the mash systems. The youth are being condemned by a society that allows fear to control its decisions. In the film Juvies narrated by actor Mark Wahlberg, a antecedent juvenile offender, the lives of a group of young kids who are sentenced for many years or life are told. Throughout the film the group explains why they did what they did and how they wished they could realize done it differently. One of the kids, a fourteen year old by the name of Anait, was sentenced for seven years. She had driven a group of boys to a high domesticate where they then fought and killed a nonher boy. Anait was charged with accessory to murder because she was the one that was driving the car. Another kid by the name of Duc was sentenced for 35 years, at the age of 16. He had no prior record, wasnt a gang member but he was affiliated with a gang. He had driven a car that took division in a shooting, and eve n though no one was injured he was still found guilty.I experience, as do many others, that our coquette system has become much too harsh when it comes to punishing the youth. There is a difference when being tough on crime and giving kids punishments that do not fit the crime. More and more of todays youth are being sent to adult prisons where they groundworknot be protected. In a juvenile prison, kids are given second chances. There they learn to right their ways and are sent back out in society where hopefully they depart become responsible adults. In adult prisons however, its survival of the fittest. There is no protection for those kids and no one to guide them on the right path. Statistics show that kids sentenced to adult prisons are more likely to end up back behind bars within five years of being released or committing suicide. The media plays a man-sized part in condemning these children.The media has demonized them and the crimes that they commit. Court systems have started to charge more for what could have happened rather than what did happen. Duc is an example of this. He was charged for a crime that wasnt committed but could have been. Children should not be tried as adults because they cannot think as adults do. Science shows that a persons brain is not fully developed until their early twenties. The cortex is still developing and this is the part of the brain that controls emotions and impulse. This is why children are more likely to get hotheaded more easily than if they were adults. If a child is not taught how to control his/her emotions than when they become adults these emotions will become harder to manage. Charging young children as adults does more harm than good. Some people emotional state that if you are going to commit crimes of an adult than you should be charged as an adult.However, a child does not think like an adult nor do they go through how to relieve their emotions is a healthy non destructive way. People like Grego ry Boyle, Geoffrey Canada, and Aaron Kipnis want to help these kids rather than convict them for the rest of their lives. Children need guidance from responsible adults, oddly men. Many boys end up in prison because they never had a dependable male role model in their lives. They dont feel wanted or accepted, so they find it by other means. They look to gangs to feel like they belong close towhere. There are other approaches that do not involve scaring kids with the threat of prison or punishing them for years.One of these approaches is restorative justice. Offenders are forced to take responsibility for what they have done. Not only do they have to confront their issues but they also get help. Another approach is guiding boys on the pathway to becoming a man. These are just some ways in which to save these boys from destroying their lives. There are so many children, both boys and girls that need help. They need friends, family, love, hope, and trust. They need someone that they can look up to and have faith in. Someone who they know wont hurt them or throw them to the side when they make mistakes. With both discipline and direction, children from bad backgrounds can grow up and live crime free lives.

Fresh Food and Canned Food Essay

Eating is most important activity in our life. Some people eat 2 times, 4 times, or some people in poor countries eat only 1 time a day. We live in a gentleman where the variety of victuals is immense, and we are responsible for what we eat. We decide what we are about to eat and how it will affect our bodies. The three main differences between fresh food and canned food are flavor, health benefits, and cost. The most nonable difference between these two kinds of foods is their flavor.Fresh food have great flavor and stress because they keep all their inseparable conditions. Canned food however, lack a lot of its flavor characteristics because at that place are some other chemical products added to the natural foods. Fresh food will have a greater taste and flavor when consumed just because of the time in which they have been prepared. Comparing both types of foods there is other difference. There is a health factor that affects both of them.Canned foods lose some of the origi nal fresh food nutrients and vitamins when stored, and also it has to be canned with many conservatives and chemical factors that prolong the shelf life and apparent freshness of the food but could also become toxic if consumed too often. Yet another difference between these two types of foods is the cost. Canned food are much more expensive than fresh foods. The benefit of buying tinned foods is that they are easier to find, for example, in a supermarket instead of the market like the fresh foods.When you look at the picture of the canned food it is so beautiful and it makes you buy it, but when you exculpated it later you will see that they do not match and the taste is not good. Canned food requires less work than fresh food, even sometimes no work at all. If you decide to make food instead buying it ready you would have to spend at least 2 or 3 hours, but you will overtake delicious food that everyone will enjoy it.Fresh foods are always good for your health, but if you do not have enough time it is fine to get canned food. Eating canned food is not recommended, because it can make you sick and you might get diseases from that.

Human Activity Causes Climate Change Essay

An Ameri slew vice president, Al Gore, said that while the reason behind(predicate) dinosaurs extinguishing over 65 one million million million years ago was because of a giant asteroid, the species that are dying out every minute of our lives are non just because of some havocs, but it is US-human (Al Gore, 2006, internet). We are destroying our world indirectly which means we do not just go and kill those entire animals, but what has caused their extinction is due to Climate Change that is the matter of the Natural Causes and Human Activities. We used to look at how natural causes have contributed to mood change, but human is today even playing a bigger role in causing climate change. Climate can be defined as the average die hard effected by slow features such as oceans, precipitations, and clouds (Slaght, 2009, p34-41). Out of the cardinal main causes of climatic alterations, natural cause is one of them. It refers to phenomenon such as timber fires, volcanic eruptions that cause tons of pollutants to our melodic phrase, but also keeps the world in balance.For example, disasters such as volcano eruptions release at least 130 million tons of pollutants annually. Moreover, studies from the recent volcanic eruptions such as El Chichon, Mexico (1982), and Mount Pinatubo, Philippines (1991) showed that the sulfuric acid liquid drops from these volcanoes also subsidize the depletion of our ozone layer (Volcanic gases and their effects, internet). On the other(a) hand, even if human have not existed on earth, carbon dioxide emission would still happen. Over 95% of the world emission came from what we call the natural round of drinks of CO2 (Carbon Dioxide) such as the decaying of organic materials, but whatever happens during the natural cycle of the earths CO2, it is already in the balance of nature or the environmental capacity that allowes how much CO2 can be stored (Common questions about climate change, 2006, internet). Therefore, as we can see n ature has made a push-down storage of contributions to the climate change however, what they have been doing for these millions of years has already been adjusted by the worlds balance.Human, on the other hand, is the main cause of the consequences of climate change, curiously in the 20th century, counting from the industrial revolution. Just the same as nature, we also release gases such as CO2 to our atmosphere. Some examples of these activities are the electrocution of fossil supplys and contaminated emission from factories and cars. Looking at the figure above, we can see that the emission of CO2 from ocean and vegetation range as naughty as from 332 to 439, but at the same meter they absorb CO2 at a similar amount they release. Then again, the burning of fossil fuel and land use, only liberate as much as 29 amount of CO2 to the atmosphere, a very tiny amount compared to the ocean or vegetation. But, the question is why we are the main character that causes climate change?U nlike natural causes, man-made contributions to climate change are not a cycle, but a one way on-going process. We are releasing those harmful gases into the air, but at the same time never do anything to dissolve them linchpin to maintain the atmospheric equilibrium. Our actions are causing extreme weather condition meanwhile, the main concern that has been attracting a lot of awareness lately is Global thawing- the growing in global average weather due to natural or unnatural conditions or in short, the world is gradually getting hotter. evacuant abundantly to the atmosphere, which is the result from human activities such as the fossil fuels burning, small particles move into the air and make a change to the amount of energy that the atmosphere can reflect and absorb. Although the studies of these tiny particles have just started, it is less likely that its main goal is to cool down the Earths atmosphere, but to increase the temperature instead (Slaght, 2009, p34-41). Another e xample of the Earths climate adjustment would be The Green House effect. Green house effect can be known as the trapping of sunlight made by glasshouse gases such as CO2, CFCs (Chlorofluorocarbon) and CH4 (Methane) that bring about global warming and climate change. Sunlight gives the earths warmth. In the natural process, while some sunlight is penetrated to earth, some is bounced back to space known as infrared radiation.Conversely, what the greenhouse gases are doing is taking up the infrared radiation and shut in all the suns heat into the atmosphere (What are greenhouse, 2004). Even though these are the processes that happen on Earth without human intervention, we made a change to itdramatically by speeding them up and at the same time adding numerous problems into it. Due to climate change, our ice caps are melting and our weather is changing, but what are happening in this human industrialization era, it is very marvellous that natural state has caused this. It is us and it has always been us that are causing all of these environment degradation and climate change. In conclusion, there are two causes of climate change nevertheless, when the natural causes make very little changes to the Earths temperature and act as the process of balancing the worlds climate capacity, human activities are the main causes lead to climate change, due to its one way on-going procedures that speed up the imbalance of our Earths climate and result in many complications such as global warming and greenhouse effect. This is not what we can overcome easily in just a parallel of years with a couple of solutions and people, but this is a global problem that every one of us has to work hand in hand to solve. The upbeat of the world is in our hands and if we keep taking it for granted like what we are doing everyday, what is here for us might not be there for our children in the future.

Hide and Seek

Ion the verse Hide and Seek, Vernon Scannell makes excellent use of on the whole the sense to bring forbidden the great excitement children usu bothy experience whenever they play this ever- b completelypark game. The fact that short sentences are used in quick achievemention and that the poetry seems to grow been written in nonpareil short stanza excessively alter to this popular opinion. The persona is the one being sought, so he hides himself in the toolshed at the bottom of the garden making sure that his feet arent sticking aside.The outer space smells salty because of the sacks of common sense and both the floor and air thumb damp and inhuman. As the seekers draw stealthily close, the poet is almost afraid to utter and automati wishy closes his eye as if by doing so, it would be difficult for his friends to find him. clock passes, the poet feels stiff, nippy and uncomfortable so he decides to come out of his hiding place exclusively to find that the other children have long aban simulateed the wait and left him alone in the dark shed. The bushes hold their breath the sun is gone. Yes here you are. plainly where are they who sought you??Although this poetry is basically a poesy about childhood recollections, a righteous can still be learnt form it namely that in life, when success seems to be within easy reach, we should non al confused ourselves to feel too over-confident as we cogency end up losing all and feeling bitterly disappointed. Diction (The writers choice of words) The poem starts with the imperative mood verb call. Examples of words in the imperative are call out call loud be careful, dont occur, dont move, stay boring, hide, push pff, uncurl, adulterate, come and own up.In the poem, these words/verbs in the imperative form are very important because they are wake the expertise of this boy at play in this well-loved game. It is almost as if the boy is instructing the referee as to how we should play the game as well as we possible can, in rig non to be caught. In be careful that your feet arent sticking out the young persona/the young child is giving us readers a good piece of advice he wants to make sure that he makes the search for him a very difficult one. This shows that he wanted to be the success at all costs. This shows that he wants to be the winner at all costs.In fact, in the next downslope, Wiser not to risk another shout. The boy is again giving advice, showing that the risk of being caught is very much possible since his friends susceptibility be close by. The adjective cold is repeated twice in the poem, whilst we similarly have the word damp to show the discomfort that the boy was feeling. In this poem we also have words resembling, musnt sneeze, whispering, hushed, dumb, mutters and all the words show the excitement felt by the boy, when he was being sought by his friends, he tries to avoid any sort of noise, fifty-fifty going as far to say, dont breathe.There is only one stanza in this poem and there are four instances of rhyming couplets, out and shout, door and before, land and again and finish and throat. The fact that there is little rhyme in thus poem is asserting(a) of the excitement being felt by the boy as he lies in hiding. The poem is very rich in figures of speech. From the very first line we find alliteration of the letter/consonant c. This alliteration almost makes the call of the boy even more audible in our capitulums and it also gives the poem a certain vibrant feeling from the very start.We also have alliteration in the second line, sacks in the toolshed smell like the seaside with the letter/consonant s and the effect that this creates is very much like the skillful of the sea upon the shore, bringing about the olfactory image of the sea to mind. The soothing sound effect created by the alliteration of the letter s brings to mind a feeling of calmness and serenity a feeling that is extended in the pursuit line whe n the persona says, theyll never find you in this salty dark meaning that he is calm because he knows that he is safe.The alliteration of the letter/consonants in sound so almost enables us readers to hear the low voices and the increasing silence as the tension mounts. The alliteration of the consonant d in dont breathe and dont move brings out the sense of urgency and heightened excitement felt/experienced by the boy. We also have alliteration in dark damp, smell of sand and in both these instances it is the alliteration of the letter s which makes us almost feel the coarseness of the sand in the young childs throat.The poem is also rich in personification where inanimate objects are being human qualities. For example cold bites this figure of speech makes us realize just how cold and uncomfortable this boy was feeling as he lay on the cold floor. The personification darkening garden watches shows that the only thing greeting our winner in a dark garden, whilst in the next line, the bushes hold their breath this personification not only reminds us of the effort done by the boy in order to avoid those who sought him, but also portrays the silence that surrounds the boy at one time he emerged from his hiding place.The very last in the poem sums up the disappoint felt by the persons, as soon as he realizes that all his friends had abandoned the search long before. Indeed the feeling is one of bitter disappointment and although this is basically a poem about childhood recollections, a moral can still be learnt from it, namely that in life, when success seems to be within easy reach, we should not allow ourselves to feel over- confident as we might end up be losing everything and feeling completely empty, and let down losers. Theme of childhoodHide and SeekIon the poem Hide and Seek, Vernon Scannell makes excellent use of all the sense to bring out the great excitement children usually experience whenever they play this ever- green game. The fact that short se ntences are used in rapid succession and that the poem seems to have been written in one short stanza also contribute to this feeling. The persona is the one being sought, so he hides himself in the toolshed at the bottom of the garden making sure that his feet arent sticking out.The place smells salty because of the sacks of sand and both the floor and air feel damp and cold. As the seekers draw stealthily close, the poet is almost afraid to breathe and automatically closes his eyes as if by doing so, it would be difficult for his friends to find him. Time passes, the poet feels stiff, cold and uncomfortable so he decides to come out of his hiding place only to find that the other children have long abandoned the search and left him alone in the dark shed. The bushes hold their breath the sun is gone. Yes here you are. But where are they who sought you?Although this poem is basically a poem about childhood recollections, a moral can still be learnt form it namely that in life, when success seems to be within easy reach, we should not allow ourselves to feel too over-confident as we might end up losing all and feeling bitterly disappointed. Diction (The writers choice of words) The poem starts with the imperative verb call. Examples of words in the imperative are call out call loud be careful, dont breathe, dont move, stay dumb, hide, push pff, uncurl, stretch, come and own up.In the poem, these words/verbs in the imperative form are very important because they are showing the expertise of this boy at play in this well-loved game. It is almost as if the boy is instructing the reader as to how we should play the game as well as we possible can, in order not to be caught. In be careful that your feet arent sticking out the young persona/the young child is giving us readers a good piece of advice he wants to make sure that he makes the search for him a very difficult one. This shows that he wanted to be the winner at all costs. This shows that he wants to be th e winner at all costs.In fact, in the next line, Wiser not to risk another shout. The boy is again giving advice, showing that the risk of being caught is very much possible since his friends might be close by. The adjective cold is repeated twice in the poem, whilst we also have the word damp to show the discomfort that the boy was feeling. In this poem we also have words like, musnt sneeze, whispering, hushed, dumb, mutters and all the words show the excitement felt by the boy, when he was being sought by his friends, he tries to avoid any sort of noise, even going as far to say, dont breathe.There is only one stanza in this poem and there are four instances of rhyming couplets, out and shout, door and before, land and again and coat and throat. The fact that there is little rhyme in thus poem is indicative of the excitement being felt by the boy as he lies in hiding. The poem is very rich in figures of speech. From the very first line we find alliteration of the letter/consonant c. This alliteration almost makes the call of the boy even more audible in our minds and it also gives the poem a certain vibrant feeling from the very start.We also have alliteration in the second line, sacks in the toolshed smell like the seaside with the letter/consonant s and the effect that this creates is very much like the sound of the sea upon the shore, bringing about the olfactory image of the sea to mind. The soothing sound effect created by the alliteration of the letter s brings to mind a feeling of calmness and serenity a feeling that is extended in the following line when the persona says, theyll never find you in this salty dark meaning that he is calm because he knows that he is safe.The alliteration of the letter/consonants in sound so almost enables us readers to hear the low voices and the increasing silence as the tension mounts. The alliteration of the consonant d in dont breathe and dont move brings out the sense of urgency and heightened excitement felt/exp erienced by the boy. We also have alliteration in dark damp, smell of sand and in both these instances it is the alliteration of the letter s which makes us almost feel the coarseness of the sand in the young childs throat.The poem is also rich in personification where inanimate objects are being human qualities. For example cold bites this figure of speech makes us realize just how cold and uncomfortable this boy was feeling as he lay on the cold floor. The personification darkening garden watches shows that the only thing greeting our winner in a dark garden, whilst in the next line, the bushes hold their breath this personification not only reminds us of the effort done by the boy in order to avoid those who sought him, but also portrays the silence that surrounds the boy once he emerged from his hiding place.The very last in the poem sums up the disappoint felt by the persons, as soon as he realizes that all his friends had abandoned the search long before. Indeed the feeling is one of bitter disappointment and although this is basically a poem about childhood recollections, a moral can still be learnt from it, namely that in life, when success seems to be within easy reach, we should not allow ourselves to feel over- confident as we might end up be losing everything and feeling completely empty, and disillusioned losers. Theme of childhood

Moving in High School Essay

Still, the thought of moving and starting over at a modernistic tame sent chills down my spine. And to my surprise, thats exactly what happened. My mom had been laid off for over a course of study and had finally found a Job in a town about 45 transactions away from our home. It all happened so fast. I was about to become a senior in richly school.I was so disappointed and angry with he thought of changing foreverything and leaving all that had ever known. It wasnt Just my high school that Id be leaving. I was also enrolled in the rail line Administration program at a local tech center. Going there was my favorite ingredient of the day. I loved my accounting courses and my teacher made everything interesting and fun. It was leaving this program that felt the hardest, make up harder than leaving behind friends Id known since first grade.Luckily there was the opportunity to go to a diametric tech center that offered a similar program. Trying to get my head near moving, I vi sited the high school and the tech center where I would be continuing my classes. I mustiness admit that I was still very frustrated, so it was difficult to reassure the opportunities the new schools offered. It was so different from my previous school that it felt like a whole new universe. To make matters worse, the school had a different credit system which made me question whether or not I would be capable to graduate on time.In fact, it seemed pretty hopeless. The first day of school, as expected, was strange. Students were all excited to see each other after three months. while everyone else was concerned with catching up with friends, all I really wanted was someone to clack to me. Even if It was simply to ask who I was and what I was doing there. Things continue to be awkward during the first few days. Some people stared, and to others, I was invisible, but eventually I started talking to people in my classes, who turned out to be much nicer than I expected them to be.I a lso started making friends with the other students at the tech center mainly because we already had so some interests. like accounting, business. and entrepreneurship, in common. As It turns out, changing schools my senior year wasnt as bad as I had always thought it would be. Even though Im no more pop than I was at my old school and, I went from universe in a couple to being single (but thats another story), changing schools turned out to be a great opportunity to make new friends and to collect new and different memories.But more than that, moving to a new school right before senior year made me realize that nothing is permanent and its given me the confidence to know that I can make new friends, pursue my academic interests, and devise new hobbies, regardless of my social environment. Its funny I hear a lot of Of2 my Trlenas talk aoout now worrlea tney are aoout leaving tnelr Trlenas to go away to college and question about whether theyll be able to do it. Me? Im not worr ied, because IVe already done it. And it turned out Just fine.

Nanophase Technologies

bill I Strategic Implication I Cumulative losses since fount I change of life get out need additional financing to complete another year of trading operations. Its apparent that the company has experienced accumulative losses to the value of $34,754,188. As of Deck 2011, has $7. 4 million available in cash and investments. I Too many current development projects I Menopause does not have enough products or customers to generate taxation stream to support projects.This also resulted in lack of business focus. I Menopause employs alike many team members I When a company is operating at a target of $34 million, its not viable to be operating with 51 full time workers (1/3 having master degree implying higher annual salary) accruing excessive labor follows without a ROI. I Primary revenue stream coming from one and only(a) customer I In 2001, Menopause obtained 75% of its revenue from one customer.Particularly through with(predicate) economic hardship, reliance upon one custome r is a risk, potentially leading to immediate settlement if the customer were to go under. I Competitor profiling I Insufficient awareness of competitive grocery store affecting Monoplanes ability to moment effectively and forecast future challenges/opportunities I High revenue RD costs I Cost of manufacturing and RD costs are way too high considering product revenue generated.Investing further in assets that isnt selling, and having to pay storage fees, over and above cost of goods is not financially viable resulting in company operating at a loss I Core Problem I How can Menopause Technology expect to generate a profit when they do not have enough money coming in to sustain day-to-day operations? I Recommended (SMART) Objectives I Recommended Strategies I 1 . Develop and present each of Monoplanes customer with 2 novel promotional programs for next financial year.I Develop promotional programs for current customer base, incentives them to pre-purchase upfront. 2. Increase gross revenue by 50% in 2002 Focus on gross revenue team development and implementation of strategic sales strategy. I Evaluation Justification of Strategies I 1 . Menopause has operated at a loss since inception and will not be able to continue operations without sourcing additional funds. As such, it is reliant upon present moment cash flow drilled into the business to sustain current business operations, which can be acquired through uptake of promotional programs with current customers.Whilst this is not a long-term solution, it will provide a short solution to financially prop up the business. 2. Menopause hasnt achieved any significant growth in sales between 2000 and the first half of 2002. They need to focus sales strategy on closing deals, increase customer base and better servicing current customers. Need to beef up current sales team through sales training and development, incentives (and sales targets) and managerial support and mentoring to enable them to perform at a higher level and achieve sales targets. I

Managing Diversity at Spencer Owens Essay

The definition of diversity The concept of diversity encompasses bridal and respect. It means understanding that to separately unriv tot onlyyed individual is unique, and recognizing our individual differences. These can be along the dimensions of washables, ethnicity, sexual urge, sexual orientation, socio-economic status, age, strong-arm abilities, religious beliefs, political beliefs, or other ideologies. It is the exploration of these differences in a safe, positive, and nurturing environment. It is about understanding each other and moving beyond simple tolerance to embracing and celebrating the rich dimensions of diversity contained within each individual.1Two corporations who digest implemented diversity efforts and behave dealt with the benefits and challenges of these efforts atomic number 18 Spencer Owens & Co. and Cityside pecuniary serve. When examining two diversity efforts, it is significant to understand how hearty each party has through with(p) with p revious and nonplus efforts, the problems the companies are facing outright and the group causes of these problems. While these companies have implemented their own efforts to diversify their lag, it is important to examine the similarities and differences in dateaging diversity.Spencer Owens & Co.How well has Spencer Owens done in its diversity efforts?Spencer Owens recent past shows a great deal of effort puzzle into diversifying their serveforce. In the mid-1980s, Spencer Owens & Co. initiated a strategy to diversify the social clubs employees from entry-level to executive ranks. Prior to this start date, the beau monde had an all- polish executive anthropoid aggroup. From the start of this initiative, Spencer Owens did very well on its diversity efforts to hire nation on their merits and for their capacities to do what is expected or required of them. To implementthe plan, the company set hiring goals, communicating them to all employees and creating accountabili ty. all over the beside ten years, this in turn created opportwholeies for women and people of color to become part of the team and induce career paths for them to be future leaders in various departments of the company.Following the start of this program (1985-1995), Spencer Owens was considered the close to various(a) staff in its industry accounting for 50% of the levels 150 managers and professionals were women, and 30% were people of color. Additionally, during this period, people of color that were hired into entry-level positions had been promoted and moved up into managerial positions. Four out of the12 extremity executive team were women and three were people of color. Extensive involvement in the efforts to attract, recruit and retain minorities and women in becoming managers, professional staff and directors were a key priority to the firm. Spencer Owens to a fault knew that a key to privileged diversity was to ensure the companys policies and overall commission to an equitable workplace by instituting plausive action goals, along with, combative hiring and advancement practices that set high qualification and performance hurdles.2The team at Spencer Owens was proud of their companys commitment to clean-livingness and equality and to encourage the employees to be colorblind to gender and ethnic differences. Along with this strategy, the firm also initiated sensitivity training and held follow-up discussions. Multiple employees commented, Everyone is the same and set the same. With feedback from these trainings and discussions, the firm went a step further to create ne cardinalrking groups for women and people of color.How well are they doing straight? why is the firm now having trouble?Recently, Spencer Owens diversity efforts have witnessed great changes while also encountering many issues and problems. In 2000, the firm hired Agnes Richards, their first woman executive in 45 years. Over the course of the next three years, Richards n oticed that the diversity efforts were slowly unraveling and affecting the productivity of the company. Forexample, Richards noticed friction among race relations, people of color were bringing charges of racism against the uncontaminating workers, and there were new complaints made by the dickens net working(a) groups. unrivalled of the first steps that Richards and her leading team took was to reinstate the sensitivity trainings. However, it was noticed that there was poor attending among the racial and ethnic minorities. In attachment to these issues, Richards fired an black female manager due to tardiness issues and for limning a bad attitude. At that point, employees became angry and frustrated.Due to the firms problems, Richards hired consultants to moot the firms race and gender relations. The interviews revealed the following Employees have concerns about the favourable action initiative. White employees step that the diversity program is adversely affecting the quality of the firms work. It is seed that white male managers are opposed to new methods brought forth by newer employees. People of color are critical of positive action program, including superficial results and feel that they are tolerated and not accepted. People of color feel their ideas are slowly dismissed. Perception that the network groups defend the minorities of the company. Overall sapidity of retaliation and fear of being called a racist.What is the root cause (or causes)?Spencer Owenss discrimination-and-fairness paradigm, which measures progress in diversity by how well the company achieves its recruitment and holding goals rather than by the degree to which conditions in the company allow employees to draw on their personal assets and perspectives to do their work more than effectively, had created a cognitive blind spot. As a result, the companys leadership could not frame the problem accurately or solve it effectively.10 Instead, the company geted a ethnic shift it needed to grasp what to do with its diversity once it had achieved the numbers. Because of senior managers resistance to a heathen transformation, Spencer Owens continues to struggle with the tensions rising from the diversity of its workforce.10The root causes of these problems is that the employees need to feel that the ways they may be various are understood and accepted.3 With the de-emphasis of sensitivity trainings and follow-up discussions, the team became isolated in their views on diversity versus affirmative action goals. The misunderstandings became apparent with the original mission to consider people on their merits and for their capacities to do what is expected or required of them. Many minority employees separate they gain a sense of belonging in the workplace when their employers create opportunities for workers with diverse backgrounds to interact with others and to become involved as apart of a group.3The networks were a great idea for employ ees to feel connected to the company however, the execution was not done properly. These diversity programs could have protagonisted employees of different backgrounds by communicating feelings and projects about climbing the corporate ladder or breaking by means of the glass celiling.3 However, these network groups became defenders for women and the other minorities due to the perception of treatment, opportunities, mis talk between the minorities and the white employees.Additional root causes for the present problems include employees wanting fair treatment, a sense of belonging, understanding and acceptance, and a feeling that they are contri unlessing.Cityside Financial ServicesHow well has Cityside Financial Services done in its diversity efforts?Cityside Financial Services has done well in diversity efforts. In 1999, after 69 years of being in business, the company had become very much diversified with half of the employees in the company being females and 90% of the compo rt staff was African American. In addition, 53% of middle managers, 42% of senior managers, and 25% executives were African American. Cityside operated as two units in their Sales Division Retail Operationsand outside(a) Deposits. The retail operations unit was filled with mostly African American employees. The external deposits unit was made up of mostly white college graduates. Nearly equal numbers of managerial positions existed in each unit, giving whites and blacks similar advancement opportunities. lingo employees agreed that, If you did your job well, youll be recognized and promoted for it. 4 As stated in the article, Over the years, Cityside blaspheme developed a reputation for being a high-functioning, multicultural governing body.While the bank itself was deemed to be a multicultural organization, the two sales units were founded on two separate and distinct models that it was described by one executive as two different banks. While the bank was diversified as a whole , these two units were very much specialized to their distinct client base. This separation of duties and ethnicities has led to some of the problems that the company without delay is facing. While the international Deposit team was described as white, smart, dedicated and loyal workaholics, it was also give tongue to that its not the perfect job for black staff that need a salary, may be hard-working, but not at that level.In addition, some of the other red flags to the present problems included smashed individuals complaining about the limited services being offered to them, other clients in Retail Operations feeling overshadowed by wealthier clients in External Deposits (and were leaving the bank), and the lack of understanding (no clear guidelines) by Retail and External as the best way to handle the new market segment. This lack of coordination compromised the banks strength and created trust issues between these two departments as to the best way to help clients.How well are they doing now? Why is the firm now having trouble?While the company continues to primary(prenominal)tain an overall diversified work staff, they are now encountering significant issues in their diversity efforts. One of the main causes of the problems that Cityside is now facing is that they have sectionalized the company with African American employeesworking in the Retail Operations department and the white employees working in the External Deposits department. Per the head of External Deposits, she commented that the problem is what is expected of senior management here has a cultural bias towards whites. Its not to say that African Americans arent also able to do all that. But because of historical racial issues, they have been limited. According to one black officer in Retail, he commented that white workers would not be able to handle the demands of the Retail unit. He continued to say that (whites) wouldnt know what to do with people in this neighborhood.This bias ties into ethnocentrism, which represents the feelings that ones cultural rules and norms are superior or more appropriate than the rules and norms of other socialisation.5 In addition, poor career planning shows another problem that African Americans have faced as potential candidates in the External Deposit unit.When Ron Wilkens, one of the investors of the bank, wanted to learn more about how the black workforce viewed its career prospects, it was observe that the root problem was how they (African Americans) were perceive by the whites. Was he deemed as a decision maker and mortal that understands the customer where his thoughts are taken seriously or is he someone that is viewed as good at operationally making things work? His black officer commented that he is respected by white colleagues, but questioned the value of his contribution to the firm seen by his white colleagues.While there is diversity in the company as a whole, there needs to be more diversity in each variablen ess to ensure that each employee is given an equal chance to grow and that customers are offered the best goods and services as possible.What do these cases have in common?There are some significant similarities between the two cases. First, both companies originally had an all-white staff. Both companies instituted programs to diversify their teams. For example, Spencer Owens adopted anaffirmative action plan while Cityside initiated an aggressive minority program. After these programs were implemented, both companies had double-digit percentages of their workforce made up of women and African Americans. It was noted in both cases that these companies were recognized in their industries as greatly achieving a multicultural organization. With that, both firms committed to a fair approach for advancing all employees.It was also noted that as the diverse programs were in action, both companies began to experience compromised efficiency as the staff began to have problems working toget her. At Spencer Owens, the affirmative action movement go forth some employees feeling alienated and unappreciated. The article states, Many non-white professionals reported having their ideas routinely disregarded. Furthermore, a Latino coder staffer explained, Until white people discover an idea, until they express it with their own words in their style, its as if it doesnt exist.This comment is similar to the quote made by one employee at Cityside who stated, When a white man disagrees, hes being strong. Hes taken with respect. When a black man disagrees, hes being negative and whiny, militant and kind of like Malcolm X. Both quotes show that while the companies made strides as far as diversifying their employee base, there is still a great difference in the way the ideas and contributions of white and minority employees are perceived.With this comparison summary, in both cases, the working environment involves how employees perceive one another. This is labeled as social cogni tion and social information processing. Social cognition is the study of how people make sense of other people and themselves. The perception process influences a host of managerial activities, organizational processes, and quality of life issues.5Additionally, stereotyping employees is also seen in both these case studies. At Cityside, African-American employees in the Retail Operations unit are deemed to be able to better relate to the topical anaesthetic community, which is predominately African American. At Spencer Owens, there is a stereotype threat in which white managers are in fear of supervising people of color inthat any constructive feedback could be perceived as being criticized and subsequently being called a racist. Lastly, both companies conducted interviews and developed surveys to better understand the opinions of the staff in order to get to the root cause(s) of why tensions were on the rise.What differences do these two cases have?The main difference in the two c ases is the approach the companies took to diversity. As previously stated, Spencer Owens utilize the discrimination and fairness paradigm, which has a focus on equal opportunity, fair treatment, recruitment, and compliance with federal Equal Employment Opportunity requirements. 10 This approach can make employees feel equal, but it can also lead to feelings of alienation and a loss of identity to the employees. This may be what led to the elimination of sensitivity training. In a sense, if we are all equal and are basically the same type of person, then there is no need to be sensitive to our differences, since this approach aims to eliminate the differences entirely. This approach is what led to the problems now being seen in Spencer Owens.Cityside utilize an approach called the Access and Legitimacy Paradigm. Supporters of this approach believed that you need access to and legitimacy with-a more diverse byplay by matching the demographics of the organization to those of crit ical consumer or constituent groups. 10 Cityside put African-American employees in retail because they would be dealing with mostly clients of the same race and burnish and this would give the company legitimacy in the community and amplify sales. Where this approach went wrong is that it alienated African-American employees and clients. While the discrimination-and-fairness paradigm used by Spencer Owens aims to make all employees equal and the same, access-and-legitimacy, takes the opposite approach and separates employees by race, not allowing the two to work together or grow in their roles in the company.What approach to diversity might have been more effective in each of these cases?Diversity and Affirmative Action DifferenceAffirmative action is selective in mandating changes that benefit previously disadvantaged groups. It is an outgrowth of Equal Employment Opportunity legislation.5 Diversity is inclusive, cover everyone in the workplace. It seeks to create a working envi ronment in which everyone and every group fits, feels accepted, has value, and contributes.6 Managing diversity, while base on cultural change, is a pragmatic business strategy that focuses on maximizing the productivity, creativity and commitment of the workforce while meeting the needs of diverse groups.7Approaches to diversity that might have been more effective in these casesManaging diversity entails recognition of the unique contribution every employee can make.5 Managing diversity also moves beyond valuing diversity in that it is a way in which to do business and should be adjust with other organizational strategic plans.6 Diverse employees offer an extraordinarily wide range of proficiencies for doing business in any marketplace. The following are different approaches that Wilkens and Richards could have taken to be more effective in their efforts (see footnote 8)1. To attract young, new hires, college career fairs allow an employer to target people of color and women who may be good potential employees. 2. Employee referral programs good employees typically associate with other good potential friends and associates. By implementing a program where employees refer other good candidates, employers can identify and reach out to others of the same race or background. 3. Recruitment enlightened employers know that they need to take a hard look at their own tactics for generating diverse job candidates. These organizations take a serious look at their inner(a) assessment around recruiting. With this, employers target key groups of employees and then mentor them so that they are able to aviate the system successfully.4. Education/trainings a successful diversity program will also educate all of a companys employees to understand the business rationale behind their efforts. That way, the employees who dont immediately benefit from a companys diversity effortsunderstand that they still have a billet in the programs success. In addition, encouraging emplo yees to participate in skills-based volunteer projects can help unleash targeted skills.5 5. Mentoring programs It is important to understand that a company cannot expect to change in corporate culture unless you get your full employee base involved. Partnering lower level employees with senior level employees, including diverse and promising professionals of color mentor-mentee sponsorships, may help facilitate the understanding of working together.6. Merit systems performance standards should be based on a thorough job analysis. Standards should be periodically updated. It is also suggested that the standards not be based on traits and personality factors focus should be on behavior or performance what the employee does.9 7. Company philosophy want out practices that emphasize equality and teamwork in compensation and decision-making.What should Wilkens/Richards do to turn things around?In addition to considering the above seven items, Wilkens and Richards should contemplate the following actions1. Reinstate sensitivity trainings this needs to be mandatory for all employees to improve the negative relationships between the teams diversity as a workgroup, to help with dispute management and interpersonal dynamics.5 This training will help to encourage collaborative behavior and improve communication efforts amongst the groups. a. Diversity should be understood as the varied perspectives and approaches to work that members of different identity groups bring.102. Take steps to reduce negative effects of unconscious stereotyping and increase the use of group goals in heterogeneous groups. recognise groups to accomplish group goals might encourage group members to focus on their common objectives rather than on demographic faultiness that are unrelated to performance. a. The leadership team must(prenominal) understand that a diverse workforce will embody different perspectives and approaches to work, and must truly value variety of opinion and insight.3. The leadership team must recognize both the learning opportunities and the challenges that the expression of differentperspectives presents for an organization.104. The organizational culture must create an expectation of high standards from everyone.10 5. The organizational culture must stimulate personal development.10 6. The organizational culture must encourage openness and make workers feel valued.10 7. The organization must have a well-articulated and astray understood mission.10ConclusionWilkens and Richards must realize that increasing demographic variation does not in itself increase organizational effectiveness. They need to realize that it is how a company defines diversity and what it does with the experiences of being a diverse organization that delivers on the promise.10These companies should develop an outlook on diversity that enables them to incorporate employees perspectives into the main work of the organization and to kick upstairs work by rethinking primary task s and redefining markets, products, strategies, missions, business practices, and even cultures. By instituting this learning-and-effectiveness paradigm for managing diversity, Wilkens and Richards will tap into accredited diversity benefits.10References1. http//gladstone.uoregon.edu/asuomca/diversityinit/definition.html 2. Ely, Robin. (April 17, 2006). Managing Diversity at Spencer Owens & Co. 3. Grensing-Pophal, Lin, (May 2002). Reaching for Diversity Efforts in the Workplace. 4. Ely, Robin. (April 17, 2006). Managing Diversity at Cityside Financial Services 5. Kreitner, Robert & Knicki, Angelo. (9th Edition/2010). Organizational Behavior 6. Stonybrook University. Diversity and Affirmative Action Difference 7. www.business-marketing.com/store/affirmvsdiv.html8. www.boston.com/jobs/diversity. (May 9, 2004). DiversityWorks How allEmployees Benefit. 9. Hodge, John. (June 1, 1993). family relationship between managing diversity and merit-based systems. 10. Thomas, David A. and Ely, Robin A. (September/October 1996). Making Differences Matter A New Paradigm for Managing Diversity.

The Constitutions of The World

In Constitutional Identity, G. J. Jacobsohn classifies the validations of the realism into two categories.The first category is of transformative constitutions and the endorsement category is of preservative constitutions. While a transformative or militant constitution seeks to change the prevailing social structure, a preservative or acquiescent constitution seeks to maintain the perspective quo. utilize Jacobsohns classification, the Constitution of India would clearly be placed under the transformative category.This is due to the fact that the intention of the Parliament term drafting the Constitution was to bring approximately social revolution in the country. This claim is further substantiated by the measured omission of any allusion to the law on family. It was intended that matters related to family would be the domain of utter to promote reform in the law.Thus, most changes in laws prescribeing family, flow from the state in the form of amendments and statutes, wh ich argon enacted to transform the society into one with more progressive determine. An eminent example is the Hindi Marriage work, 1955, which born-again Hindu Marriage from sacrament to a contract. Nonetheless, reform needs to waste place with regard to the prevailing values in society and make allowance for the demands of several cultures in a diverse country give care India.In pursuance of the same, Article 44 which was the demand to evolve a same urbane scratch, to govern the somebodyal laws of every religion, was placed in the Constitution as a Directive Principle of nominate Policy. These Directive Principles are goals that the government should keep in mind while it formulates policy. Article 44 reads The state shall endeavour to secure for the citizens a uniform civil code throughout the territory of IndiaHowever, courts too gravel played an important role in governing society through family.Apart from upholding the law, they hurl likewise tackled grey areas, r esolved conflicting situations through reconciliation of different statues on the same subject and alter the lacunae. Il heavyization of un express mail polygamy for Hindus, thus was, an important example of the positive influence of courts.This was taken further when conversion for the conception of committing bigamy was also illegalized in Sarla Mudgal v. Union of India (hereinafter, Sarla Mudgal) and later upheld in Lily Thomas v. Union of India (hereinafter, Lily Thomas).The Sarla Mudgal CaseThe petitioner in this berth was married for some year with three children from the wedding when she found out that her save had contracted a second trade union with other woman, after converting to Islam.Her husband reborn for the sole purpose of contracting a second marriage and ensuring that the provisions of Section 494 of the Indian Penal calculate were not attracted. He argued, however, that Islam allowed for limited polygamy four wives thus, he could marry a second sequenc e even though his first married woman remained a Hindu.The court held that marriage under the personal laws of one religion (here Hinduism) could not be taken to court for dissolution under the law of another different religion (here Islam) even if one of the parties embraced another different religion.This is because such a rule would violate the rights of the first spouse. However, the second marriage would be vacate because this very reason that the first marriage subsisted, even after conversion of the spouse.Facts of the Lily Thomas CaseThe Writ pray was filed by Smt. Sushmita Ghosh who had married Shri G. C. Ghosh in 1984 in accordance with Hindu rites. G. C. Ghosh had converted to Islam in 1992 and informed his wife of the change in religion.He stated that he wanted to marry Miss Vanita Gupta and so she should keep back to a disarticulate by mutual consent. Change in religion is an accepted ground for divorce under section 13 of the Hindu Marriage Act, 1955. Smt. Sushmi ta Ghosh did not want a divorce and got in touch with her aunt and her father to intervene on her behalf.She, her father and her relative tried to persuade her husband to not go for a divorce. However, his decision remained unchanged. He stated that his wife could either divorce by mutual consent, or she would have to put up with his second wife, Ms. Vanita Gupta. Smt. Sushmita Ghosh was thus left with no secondary but to approach the courts.PETITIONERS ARGUMENTSConversion Not Due To FaithThe first point raised by the petitioner, Smt. Sushmita Ghosh is that her husband, Shri G. C. Ghosh, had not converted to Islam a matter of faith, but had done so solely for the purpose of taking in a second wife. While unlimited polygamy was allowed for Hindus, prior to the enactment of the Hindu Marriage Act, it was abolished post 1955.However, limited polygamy is windlessness allowed for the male followers of Islam in India and they can have up to four wives. Thus, it had become commonplace fo r many an(prenominal) male members of the Hindu faith to convert to Islam for the purpose of marrying a second woman, divorcing their first wife and accordingly re-converting back to Hinduism.The re-conversion was to ensure that property interests were not harmed. The petitioner proved this by referring to, firstly, a birth authentication of a son born to G. C. Ghosh from his second wife, wherein, his name appears as G. C. Ghosh and his religion is stated to be Hindu. Moreover, the mothers (his second wife) name appears as Vanita Ghosh and she too is a Hindu, according to the birth certificate.Secondly, the electoral draw of the constituency indicates the same, as does the respondents visa to Bangladesh. In fact, he signed the marriage certificate issued by Mufti Mohd. Tayyeb Qasmi, is signed by him as G. C. Ghosh.Removal of Burden of ProofThe second contention raised was that since the judgment in Sarla Mudgal validated their case, conviction should take place without any need f or proof.However, it was held that the conviction could not be made certain based on only a statement of admission made outside the court. This was because the provisions of the Indian Penal Code demanded that proof of not only the first marriage, but also the second marriage. This is still a legal obligation and admission of the marriage by the person being accused of bigamy, is not enough to cause the requirement. The matrimonial ceremonies needed to be shown.RESPONDENTS ARGUMENTSDifference with regard to Sarla Mudgal Article 20(1)It was contended that the law propounded in Sarla Mudgal, would not be relevant to the present case as that case was not related to people whose marriages were solemnized before the judgment pronouncing them reduce was passed. Even though these marriages would be violative of the law, there could be no retrospective application.The court however, rejected this argument. It said that no new law had been introduced, but the old, existing provisions of the governing statute had been interpreted. It is a rule of law that the interpretation of a provision goes back to the date of that provision and is not, in its nature, prospective.Thus, the second marriage would be declared void and article 21 of the Constitution which states that no person shall be convicted of any offence except for violation of a law in force at the time of the commission of the Act charged as an offence, nor be subjected to a penalty greater than that which might have been inflicted under the law in force at the time of the commission of the offence, would not be affected.Violation of Article 21 and 25The other contention raised by the counsel was that the Sarla Mudgal judgement would be violative of Articles 21 and 25 of the Indian Constitution. In the case of Article 21 which states that no person lead be deprived of life or liberty except according to the procedure realised by law, the court said that this contention was misconceived.Thus, it would be pre mature to say that the judgement will result in deprivation of the life or liberty of either of the parties because the Sarla Mudgal judgement neither created a new law, nor changed the procedure for the prosecution.Another contention raised by the respondent was that the judgement would violate Article 25 of the Constitution, which guaranteed the right to freedom of conscience and the right to profess and propagate a religion.However, such an argument does not hold when the Hindu Marriage Act, 1955, explicitly abolished polygamy in the Hindu religion and further, section 17 of the Act made void any marriages if any party had a living spouse, even after the marriage had been solemnised. Freedom guaranteed by the Constitution was to be exercised by individuals, until they encroached upon anothers freedom.Moreover, if the act fitted under section 17 of the Hindu Marriage Act, its penalty was prescribed in section 494 and section 495 of the Indian Penal Code, 1860. The court commented on the contention raised in Sarla Mudgal that making a Hindu Convert liable for prosecution would be against Islam. The court found this argument to be ignorant of the nature of the religion of Islam.COURTS DECISIONApplying Natural Justice Further, the court be that conversion for the purpose of bigamy could not be squared with the principles of natural justice and equity. Natural justice constitutes in procedures or principles that are thought to be wrong, inherently. Here, the court agreed with the view of Justice M. C. Chagla in Robasa Khanum v. Khodadad Irani.The decide were of the opinion that if a man converted to Islam, to take in a second wife, during the subsistence of his first marriage, the resolution on both wives would be undesirable. Since the law does not recognize the second marriage as valid, the status of the second wife would be that of a concubine and children born out of that marriage would be considered illegitimate.though the first marriage will still persi st legally, there would be practical problems with it. Necessity of the Uniform Civil Code The need for a Uniform Civil Code was not the primary headland addressed by the judges in Lily Thomas, but it was referenced by both the judges in their separate judgments. Various cases discussing the notion of a uniform personal law were also mentioned. After a perusal of some judgments, it was commented by Justice Sahai in a separate judgment, that the Uniform Civil Code was highly desirable.However, the social climate of the society needed to be taken into account. Thus, a comprehensive Uniform Civil Code that takes into account all stakeholders and caters to everyones interests could only be brought into existence if leaders took the responsibility of bringing about reform by changing the minds of people in their communities.Thus, the matter was assigned to the 18th Law missionary station which would examine the feasibility of the Uniform Civil Code, in consonance with the Minorities Co mmission. The court clarified its stance on Article 44 of the Constitution, affirming that the courts had no jurisdiction whatsoever in giving direction for the implementation of a common Civil Code for personal laws.The Directive Principles of State Policy are not to be enforced by the courts because they do not create rights in favour of any person or persons. They are simply guidelines by the Constitution to the State, which is why they were included in the non-justifiable section by the Sapru report of 1945. Arguments of the person